What Is Chiari Malformation?

Chiari Malformation (CMs) is a congenital condition in which brain tissue extends to the spinal canal. Learn about the different types and symptoms.

*Health information sourced from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. co-pay.com is not affiliated with or endorsed by the U.S. government.

Chiari malformations (CMs) are structural defects in the cerebellum. The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls balance. With CM, brain tissue extends into the spinal canal. It can happen when part of the skull is too small, which pushes the brain tissue down. There are several types of CM. One type often happens in children who have neural tube defects. Some types cause no symptoms and don't need treatment. If you have symptoms, they may include:

  • Neck pain
  • Balance problems
  • Numbness or other abnormal feelings in the arms or legs
  • Dizziness
  • Vision problems
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Poor hand coordination

Doctors diagnose CM using imaging tests. Medicines may ease some symptoms, such as pain. Surgery is the only treatment available to correct or stop the progression of nerve damage.

NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

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